PDMDAAC (Polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride)

Polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) waa wakiil daaweyn biyo oo kharash-ool ah, oo shaqooyin badan qabta kaas oo beddeli kara wakiillo dhaqameed badan xaalado kala duwan, isagoo bixinaya faa'iidooyin muhiim ah sida tayada la hagaajiyay, kharash yar, iyo hufnaan kordhay. Waxay beddeli kartaa wakiillo midab-beddelaya oo aan dabiici ahayn sida polyferric sulfate iyo polyaluminum chloride, iyo sidoo kale kaarboon firfircoon, iyadoo la isticmaalayo qiyaas ah 1/3 oo keliya wakiillo dhaqameed, taasoo keentay heerarka midab-beddelidda oo sarreeya iyo kala bar wax soo saarka dhoobada. Waxay si wax ku ool ah u daweyn kartaa noocyada kala duwan ee biyaha wasakhda ah ee rinjiga dib-u-warshadaynta, iyadoo si weyn u yareyneysa kharashyada qashin-qubka.

Isla mar ahaantaana, waxay beddeli kartaa PAM-ka cationic-ga caadiga ah, iyadoo bixinaysa qiimo hoose, milmi wanaagsan, iyo hawlgal fudud oo isla cationicity ah. Isticmaalka isku-darka ah wuxuu yareyn karaa kharashyada wakiilka 30%, wuxuuna si buuxda u beddeli karaa xaaladaha nadiifinta wasakhda caadiga ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay beddeli kartaa isku-darka cusbada aluminiumka sida alum iyo polyaluminum sulfate, oo aan saameyn ku yeelan heerkulka biyaha, soo saarista flocs cufan oo si dhakhso leh u degsan, baabi'inta dhibaatooyinka haraaga aluminiumka, iyo xasilinta tayada wasakhda.

Waxa kale oo lagu dari karaa budada birta si loogu beddelo lime-ka dejinta wasakhda, iyada oo aan la kordhin mugga wasakhda, aan laga tegin wax wasakh ah, iyo in la fududeeyo daawaynta hoose. Inkasta oo wasakhda adag ay u baahan tahay wakiillo isku dhafan, haddana waxtarka guud ee kharashku aad ayuu uga badan yahay kan wakiillada dhaqanka. Cimilada hadda jirta ee xakamaynta kharashka adag iyo raadinta wasakhda deggan, PDMDAAC, oo leh faa'iidooyin badan oo ah qiyaasta hoose, soo saarista wasakhda yar, saamaynta xasilloon, iyo fududaynta hawlgalka, ayaa noqotay ikhtiyaarka casriyeynta ee la doorbiday ee warshadaha waaweyn ee biyaha wasakhda ah iyo daaweynta biyaha si loogu beddelo wakiillada dhaqanka, si fududna loogu gaaro labadaba tayada daaweynta biyaha oo la hagaajiyay iyo kharashyada la dhimay.