Sababtaas awgeed, waddamada adduunka oo dhan waxay isku dayeen in dariiqyo kala duwan oo farsamo ah, xiise leh oo ay ku guuleystaan in la gaaro ilaalinta tamarta iyo yareynta jahwareerka, iyo soo celinta jawiga dhulka.
Cadaadiska hoostiisa lakabka ilaa lakabka, dhirta bullaacadda, maadaama macaamiisha waaweyn ee tamarta, ay dabiiciyan la kulmaan isbadal:
Tusaale ahaan, xoojinta shaqada hoos u dhigista iyo ka qeybqaadashada nitrogen-ka aadka u daran iyo ka saarida fosfooraska;
Tusaale ahaan, si loo wanaajiyo heerka isku filnaanshaha tamarta ee lagu sameeyo casriyeynta heerka iyo isbadalka si loo gaaro daaweynta kaarboonka oo hooseeya;
Tusaale ahaan, fiiro-wadaag waa in lagu bixiyaa soo kabashada kheyraadka ee habka daaweynta wasakhda si loo gaaro dib-u-warshadaynta.
Marka waxaa jira:
Sannadkii 2003,, warshaddii ugu horreysay ee ka soo baxday dunida ee ugu horreysay ee loo yaqaan 'Newpart' ee loo yaqaan 'Newpart' ee Dharka Dharka Adduunka ayaa laga dhisay Singapore, oo dib u isticmaal bullaacadda bulaacadaha ayaa gaadhay heerarka biyaha la cabbo;
Sannadkii 2005, oo ah kuwa lagu daweeyo bullaacadaha ee Austrian ee Pallitass waxaa lagu habsaday isku filnaanshaha tamarta markii ugu horreysay adduunka, kuna tiirsanaanta kaliya soo kabashada tamarta kiimikada si loo buuxiyo isticmaalka tamarta ee daaweynta bulaacadaha;
Sanadka 2016, sharci Switzerland wuxuu amrey soo kabashada ilaha fosfooraska ee aan dib loo cusbooneysiin karin oo laga soo qaado bullaacadda (qunyar socodka), digada xoolaha iyo wasakhda kale.
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Aniga oo ah awoodda keydka biyaha ee adduunka ee la aqoonsan yahay, Nederland si dabiici ah ayaan uga hadhin.
Marka maanta, tifaftiraha ayaa kaala hadli doona sida dhirta bullaacadaha ee Nederland ay kor ugu qaadaan oo loo beddelo xilliga dhexdhexaadnimada kaarboon.
Fikradda biyaha wasakhda ah ee Nederland - qaab dhismeedka wararka
Nederlands, oo ku taal Delta ee Rhta, Maas iyo Scheldt, waa dhul beeniya oo hooseeya.
Sida deegaan ahaan, markasta oo aan xuso Holland, waxa ugu horreeya ee maskaxdayda ku soo dhaca waa jaamacadda tikniyoolajiyadda ee Deept ee Deept.
Gaar ahaan, sheybaarka 'Kluvyer Brotechnology' waa mid caalami ah oo caan ku ah guulaha ay ku leeyihiin tikniyoolajiyadda injineerinka microbial. Inbadan oo ka mid ah bullaacadda bulaacadaha daaweynta ee bayoolaji ee aannu caan ku nahay hadda halkan ka yimid.
Sida dib-u-soo-celinta fosfooraska (BCFPORUS), BCFS), tabiil-ka-soo-nooleynta (Sharon), aerox / canon), aberic-ka kor u qaadida (BASETORAM), PAE), PHA) dib-u-warshadaynta, iwm.
Waxa intaa ka sii badan, tikniyoolajiyadan waxaa sidoo kale horumariyey Professor Mark Van Weesosdrecht, oo uu ku guuleystay abaalmarinta Nobel "ee warshadaha biyaha - Singapore's Lee Kuan rewer abaalmari.
Waqti fog, oo tikniyoolajiyaddii Deept ee tikniyoolajiyadda ah waxay soo jeedisay fikradda bulaacaarka joogtada ah. Sannadkii 2008,, Neder-Etherlands waxay ku dabaqday aasaaska cilmi baarista biyaha ee ku dhejisa fikradan qaab dhismeedka "wararka".
Taasi waa, soo gaabintii ee weedha nafaqada (nafaqada) + tamar (tamar) + biyo (warshad), oo macnaheedu yahay in warshad bullaacadda bullaacadda ay runtii tahay warshad wax-ka-dhigga sunta ah ee nafaqooyinka, tamarta iyo biyaha dib loo rogay.
Waxay sidaa u dhacdaa in ereyga "news" ay sidoo kale leedahay macno cusub, taas oo ah nolosha cusub iyo mustaqbalkaba.
Intee in le'eg "News", qaab dhismeedkeeda, ma jiro wax qashin ah oo aan ku jirin dareenka dhaqanka ee bullaacadda:
Arrinta dabiiciga ah waa side tamar, oo loo isticmaali karo in lagu sameeyo isticmaalka tamarta ee qalliinka iyo in la gaaro ujeedada qalliinka kaarboon-dhexdhexaad ah; Kuleylka ku jira bullaacadda lafteeda ayaa sidoo kale loo rogi karaa qadar aad u badan oo ah kuleylka / tamar qabow iyada oo loo marayo biyaha kuleylka biyaha, oo aan ku biirin karin oo keliya qalliinka kaarboon-dhexdhexaad ah, laakiin sidoo kale awood u leh dhoofinta kuleylka / qabow bulshada. Tani waa waxa ay dhirta awooda ku saabsan tahay.
Nafaqada bullaacadaha bullaacadda, gaar ahaan fosfooraska, si hufan ayaa loo soo celin karaa inta lagu gudajiro nidaamka daaweynta, si loo daaho la'aanta la'aanta ilaha fosfooraska illaa heerka ugu weyn. Tani waa nuxurka warshadda nafaqada.
Ka dib soo kabashada maaddada dabiiciga ah iyo nafaqada ayaa la dhammaystiray, hadafka ugu weyn ee daaweynta bullaacadaha ee dhaqameed ayaa la dhameystirayaa, oo kheyraadka harayna waa biyaha dib loo soo celiyay ee aannu nasanayno. Tani waa waxa geedka biyaha dib loo soo celiyay ay ku saabsan tahay.
Sidaa darteed, Nederland waxay sidoo kale ku soo koobay talaabooyinka geedi socodka ee daaweynta bullaacadda bullaacadda ah lix habraac oo waaweyn: Daaweynta ②basic daaweynta; Daaweynta-daaweynta; ④sludge daaweynta;
Waxay u egtahay mid fudud, laakiin dhab ahaantii waxaa jira teknolojiyad badan oo laga soo xusho tallaabo kasta oo nidaam kasta, oo tikniyoolajiyad isku mid ah ayaa sidoo kale lagu dabaqi karaa tilaabooyin geeddi-socod oo kala duwan, sida tixgelinta iyo isku-darka, waxaad had iyo jeer ka heli kartaa habka ugu habboon ee lagu daaweeyo bullaacadda.
Haddii aad u baahatid waxyaabaha kor ku xusan si aad u daaweeso wasakhda kala duwan, fadlan nala soo xiriir.
CR: Naiyanjun Deegaanka Kahortaga Deegaanka ee Natiyanjun
Waqtiga Post: May-25-2023